The earth has a history of 4.6 billion years, and early life on the earth appeared about 4 billion years ago. After the birth of early life, after billions of years of long evolutionary evolution, there is now a rich and colorful biological world. There are not only intelligent life human beings, but also millions of different kinds of life.
Before mankind entered the era of science and technology, due to various conditions, mankind’s understanding of various creatures in the earth’s biological world was extremely limited, and we did not know a large number of creatures. It is not until mankind enters the age of science and technology that with the help of science and technology, we can have a better understanding of life, and at the same time, we are constantly discovering various new species on the earth.
Although human beings are now a technological civilization and are assisted by powerful technology, their understanding of earth creatures is actually not very comprehensive. In the life world of the earth, there are actually three biospheres, one is the terrestrial biosphere, the other is the marine biosphere, and the last is the underground biosphere.
Since human beings live on land, and technology is easier and more comprehensive for land exploration, we actually know the most about terrestrial organisms. Even so, there are still about 15% of the creatures on the land that may not have been discovered by us. These creatures are often concentrated in areas that are difficult for humans to explore, such as some deep forests, deep deserts, and deep Antarctica.
The area of the ocean accounts for 71% of the earth’s surface area, and the abundance of marine life is no less than that of terrestrial organisms. However, since human exploration of the ocean is only about 10%, we know less about marine life, especially in the deep sea. We basically don’t know much about those creatures. The underground biosphere is even more complicated. Scientists once thought that even if there is life in the earth, there is not much.
However, in recent years, with the in-depth research and exploration of scientists, they have discovered an amazing fact, that is, the underground biosphere is far more complex and larger than we thought. It is possible that the land and ocean biospheres combined are not as large as the underground biosphere. If we want to understand the biological world of the earth, we need to discover new species constantly, and new species on the earth are discovered every year. In recent years, many new species have appeared in the earth biological world. How many do you know? Each one is unique in shape.
1. South American chinchilla, South American chinchilla belongs to the mammalian rodent porcupine suborder South American Chinchilla. Many people think of rats when they think of rats. In fact, they are completely different from rats. The main difference is that the mouse is an omnivorous animal while the chinchilla is a vegetarian. Mice have double ovulation tubes and South American chinchillas have single ovulation tubes, so mice (including hamsters) can give birth to a litter every 20 days, while South American chinchillas can only give birth to 1-2 litters per year and 1 to 1 litter each time. The probability of 2 is 80%.
Maybe many people have never heard of South American chinchilla, but if you change the name, I believe many people have heard of it. The South American chinchilla is also called My Neighbor Totoro, and it is a kind of monster rat that modern people like to raise. It’s hard to imagine that this kind of rodent is a close relative of cattle and sheep. Although it is very different from cattle and sheep in appearance, they are very similar in the Chilean Andes in 3250. exist.
Scientists have eradicated the observation of the chinchilla’s bones, and determined it as a close relative based on the fact that the structure of its teeth is very similar to cows, sheep, and horses. Its tooth structure is like a mortar and pestle for arranging herbs, which can grind and grind the roots of plants and trees and swallow them without harming the gums and teeth.
2. Color-changing frog, which is a new species of frog. In 2004, American scientists discovered it in a small cloud forest in the southeastern mountainous area of Papua New Guinea, an island nation in the South Pacific. Color-changing frogs are sometimes yellow, sometimes green, and sometimes gray-brown. When the sun is shining, it is light green, and when it enters a dark place with weak light, it turns light brown again within a few minutes.
The color-changing frog is a frog that is smaller than a coin, only about two centimeters. It is currently only found in the new mountainous areas of Papua New Guinea. It may be that the environment here is adapted to the survival of this frog. Because its skin can change like a chameleon, it can easily hide itself and avoid the danger of natural enemies.
Such a small frog will naturally have many natural enemies. It can be said that there is no survival advantage in the biosphere of this area. However, nature is very fair. Creatures that can survive under the law of survival of the fittest and nature, no matter how small they are, they must have special abilities, and the survival ability of color-changing frogs is discoloration.
3. Carnivorous sponge, which is a new deep-sea animal discovered by scientists. The carnivorous sponge is 2 meters long, has a cone shape, and has a waffle-like diamond lattice shape. It was found 2197 meters below sea level in the Australian waters. It has a “mouth” of up to half a meter in diameter. When a fish or other creature swims around it and touches it, it uses a funnel-shaped “mouth” to capture the prey, then surrounds the prey and traps it inside the body And eat it.
4. Cat-eye pelargonian fish. This is a cat-eye pelargonian fish newly discovered in Papua New Guinea. It is tall and flat, with large eyes and large mouth; the body color is translucent light pink to light red or orange, almost nothing Extending to the caudal stalk; the head and the front two-thirds of the body are covered with orange spots of varying sizes, and the body length is 2.1 cm.
The above four are some new species discovered by scientists in the biological world. In fact, there are so many new species discovered in recent years that we cannot introduce them one by one. Only four of them can be selected for a simple description. According to a scientific and technological report, 71 new species were discovered in the world in 2019.
Among these newly discovered species, there are 17 kinds of fish, 15 kinds of geckos, 8 kinds of flowering plants, 6 kinds of sea slugs, 5 kinds of arachnids, 4 kinds of eels, 3 kinds of ants, 3 kinds of skinks, and 2 kinds of rays. , 2 kinds of wasps, 2 kinds of mosses, 2 kinds of corals and 2 kinds of lizards. They are distributed in five continents and three oceans.
It can be seen that there are far more biological species on the earth than we imagined. Although the rapid development of industry and various pollutions have had a great impact on the ecology of the earth, many species will become extinct every year. However, there are also many species that are constantly being discovered by us. This is only limited to the areas that humans can explore at present, and in those areas where humans are still unable to set foot, there may be more novel species.
Biology is a symbol of the planet of life on earth, and the abundance of life types is also an important sign of the quality of the earth’s ecosystem. The more organisms in the earth’s biosphere, the better the earth’s ecosystem, but we can also see that the earth’s ecological environment is constantly deteriorating under the influence of humans. Although there are many kinds of living things on the earth, under the principle of survival of the fittest, many living things are unable to adapt to the deterioration of the environment and are disappearing.
If one day, the earth’s biosphere no longer exists, it means that the earth has also deteriorated completely, becoming a desolate planet. Naturally, human beings cannot survive on the earth. If human beings were already an interstellar civilization at that time, we could immigrate to other planets and continue to survive. But if at that time, humanity had not yet become an interstellar civilization, what would be the fate of humanity? I believe everyone can think of it.